VII.

Priests, Fathers & Monks


Bauer, Columban (Gottfried)
Benedictine monk, arrived in Chemulpo with another 5 brothers and fathers from St. Ottilien on 28th December 1909 to help build a Benedictine mission. On 23rd November 1926, he returned to Germany.


Cramer, Rudolph Theodor
Preacher at the navy, crew member of HM Frigate "Hertha", which Max von Brandt took to Pusan on 1st June 1870 for the purpose of requesting trade relations. Cramer entered Korean soil a second time in May 1871. A third visit was made again on the "Hertha" in July 1871.


Eckardt, Andre (Ludwig Otto Andreas)
Benedictine monk, landed with another 5 fathers and brothers on 28th December 1909 in Chemulpo to set up a Benedictine mission in Korea. He returned to Germany at the turn of the year 1928/29. During his almost 20-year stay in East Asia - most of it in Korea - he conducted intensive studies of the Korean language, history, literature, etc. In 1950, Eckardt founded the German Korean Studies as a professor at the East Asian Seminar in Munich.


Enshoff, Dominikus (Franz)
Benedictine Father from St. Ottilien, travelled to Korea together with Father Bonifatius Sauer on 25th February 1909 to prepare for the establishment of a Benedictine mission. Due to his state of health, however, he had to return to Germany on 8th August of the same year.


Fangauer, Paschalis (Johann Baptist)
Benedictine monk, one of the 5 fathers and brothers who set foot on Korean soil in Chemulpo on 28th December 1909 to found a Benedictine mission. On 16th April 1950, he died of malnutrition in a North Korean concentration camp in Oksadeok.


Flötzinger, Ildefons (Andreas)
Benedictine monk, came to Chemulpo on 28th December 1909 together with another 5 brothers and fathers from St. Ottilien to set up a Benedictine mission in the country. He died of starvation and frostbite in a North Korean concentration camp in Oksadeok in 1952.


Gützlaff, Carl Friedrich August
Protestant Missionary in Hong Kong, joined a trade expedition of the East Indian Company under the leadership of H. H. Lindsay on the "Lord Amherst" as an interpreter and doctor in 1832. The ship, which started from China at the end of February, reached the west coast of Korea on 17th July 1832, where Gützlaff spent one month. Carl Gützlaff died in Hong Kong in 1951.


Hackmann, Heinrich Friedrich
Lutheran theologian and sinologist, pastor of the Protestant community in Shanghai from April 1894 to October 1901, visited Korea in September / October 1902 for Buddhist study purposes.


Huber, Martin (Karl)
Benedictine monk, one of the 5 brothers and fathers from St. Ottilien, who went ashore in Chemulpo on 28th December 1909 to found a Benedictine mission in Korea. However, Huber died in Korea on 26th January 1910 of typhus, which he contracted on the ship while traveling to Korea.


Müller, Karl Friedrich
Pastor and chaplain of the German Cruiser Squadron in East Asia, visited Chemulpo and Seoul together with Admiral Otto von Diederichs from 11th to 23rd June 1897.


Niebauer, Cassian (Georg)
Benedictine monk from St. Ottilien, arrived in Chemulpo with another 5 brothers and fathers on 28th December 1909 to set up a Benedictine mission in Korea. He returned to Germany on 20th August 1928.


Sauer, Bonifatius (Josef)
Benedictine Father from St. Ottilien. Accompanied by Father Dominikus Enshoff, he arrived in Korea on 25th February 1909 at the instigation of the French bishop in Seoul, Gustave-Charles-Marie Mutel, to prepare for the establishment of a Benedictine mission. From 1909 until 1913, Sauer acted as Prior, and from 1913 to 1927 as Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery in Seoul. In 1920, he was appointed Apostolic Vicar of Wonsan, and on 17th November 1927 Abbot Bishop to Tokwon, South Hamgyong Province. In May 1949, the North Korean People's Government closed the monastery and arrested the fathers and monks. Bishop Sauer died on 7th February 1950 in a penitentiary in Pyeongyang as a result of the imprisonment.


Stenz, Georg Maria
Member of the Society of the Divine Word (Steyler Missionary), since 1893 Catholic missionary in the Chinese province of Shandong, briefly visited Korea after the turn of the century (between 1900 and 1903, exact date unknown).


Wilhelm
Father from Alsace and a member of the 'Missions Etangères', arrived in Korea around 1896 and worked as a missionary mainly in the north of the country. After the Benedictine monks gained a foothold in Korea at the end of 1909, Father Wilhelm helped them to found their congregation in Seoul. In 1914 he stayed in the Benedictine monastery in St. Ottilien and later became a pastor in his homeland.